feat: sử dụng synth cho MIDI KEys
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# TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION: CLIENT SOUNDFONT OPTIMIZATION USING SF3 AND SPESSASYNTH
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This document details a two-step technical workflow to upgrade the real-time client audio playback experience:
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1. **Server Asset Conversion:** Converts original `.sf2` files into compressed `.sf3` (Ogg Vorbis) format, reducing file size from $30 - 150\text{ MB}$ down to just $3 - 6\text{ MB}$ ($\sim 85-90\%$ compression).
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2. **Client Engine Upgrade:** Replaces the oscillator emulation logic inside `soundfontPlayer.js` with the SpessaSynth library (Web Audio API / AudioWorklet Engine), achieving $100\%$ authentic audio rendering relative to the server exporter with initial load times of only $1 - 2\text{ seconds}$.
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---
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## STEP 1: AUTOMATED SF2 TO SF3 ASSET CONVERSION ON SERVER
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### 1.1 Technical Principles of the `.sf3` Format
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* `.sf2` files store raw uncompressed PCM Float/Int audio samples (Raw Uncompressed Audio).
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* `.sf3` files preserve the complete Header, Preset, and Instrument Mapping structure of SF2, but compress raw WAV sample streams using the Ogg Vorbis compression algorithm.
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* Human ears cannot distinguish quality differences between `.sf2` and `.sf3` playback, but the reduced footprint ensures exceptionally fast browser downloads.
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### 1.2 Installing Conversion Utilities in Server Docker (`Dockerfile`)
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Append `mscore` (MuseScore CLI) or `sf2pack` packages to the `Dockerfile`:
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```dockerfile
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# Dockerfile
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RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
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mscore \
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vorbis-tools \
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&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
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```
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### 1.3 Python Automated SoundFont Converter Module (`app/core/soundfont_converter.py`)
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Creates a Python module to automatically scan `.sf2` files within system/upload directories and generate parallel `.sf3` converted files:
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```python
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import os
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import subprocess
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import logging
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class SoundFontConverter:
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def __init__(self, target_dirs=None):
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if target_dirs is None:
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self.target_dirs = [
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"/opt/daw_engine/soundfonts",
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"app/storage/uploads/soundfonts"
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]
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else:
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self.target_dirs = target_dirs
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def convert_sf2_to_sf3(self, sf2_path: str) -> str:
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"""
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Converts a single .sf2 file to .sf3 using MuseScore CLI.
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Returns the path to the converted .sf3 file.
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"""
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if not os.path.exists(sf2_path):
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raise FileNotFoundError(f"Source SF2 file not found: {sf2_path}")
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sf3_path = os.path.splitext(sf2_path)[0] + ".sf3"
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# Check if already converted and up-to-date
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if os.path.exists(sf3_path) and os.path.getmtime(sf3_path) >= os.path.getmtime(sf2_path):
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return sf3_path
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try:
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logger.info(f"Converting '{sf2_path}' -> '{sf3_path}'...")
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# Command: mscore -o output.sf3 input.sf2
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cmd = ["mscore", "-o", sf3_path, sf2_path]
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result = subprocess.run(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, text=True)
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if result.returncode == 0 and os.path.exists(sf3_path):
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logger.info(f"Successfully created SF3 asset: {sf3_path} ({os.path.getsize(sf3_path) / (1024*1024):.2f} MB)")
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return sf3_path
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else:
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logger.error(f"SF2 to SF3 conversion failed: {result.stderr}")
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return sf2_path # Fallback to original SF2
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"Error executing SF2 conversion: {str(e)}")
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return sf2_path
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def batch_convert_all(self):
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"""
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Scans all target directories and converts any missing .sf3 files.
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"""
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for sdir in self.target_dirs:
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if not os.path.exists(sdir):
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continue
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for root, _, files in os.walk(sdir):
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for file in files:
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if file.lower().endswith('.sf2'):
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full_sf2_path = os.path.join(root, file)
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self.convert_sf2_to_sf3(full_sf2_path)
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```
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### 1.4 API Endpoint Serving `.sf3` Files to Clients (`app/api/v1/plugins.py`)
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Provides a static download route serving optimized `.sf3` assets:
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```python
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@router.get("/soundfonts/download/{sf_id}")
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async def download_soundfont_asset(sf_id: str):
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"""
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Returns the optimized .sf3 file if available, otherwise falls back to .sf2.
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"""
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sf3_path = f"/opt/daw_engine/soundfonts/{sf_id}.sf3"
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sf2_path = f"/opt/daw_engine/soundfonts/{sf_id}.sf2"
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if os.path.exists(sf3_path):
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return FileResponse(sf3_path, media_type="application/octet-stream", filename=f"{sf_id}.sf3")
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elif os.path.exists(sf2_path):
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return FileResponse(sf2_path, media_type="application/octet-stream", filename=f"{sf_id}.sf2")
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else:
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raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="SoundFont asset not found")
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```
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---
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## STEP 2: UPGRADING CLIENT PLAYER USING SPESSASYNTH
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SpessaSynth (`spessasynth_lib`) is a next-generation JavaScript SoundFont Synthesizer written entirely using the Web Audio API & AudioWorklet. It supports direct loading of `.sf3` files without requiring complex C/Wasm compilation wrappers.
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### 2.1 Integrating the SpessaSynth Library into Frontend
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Add the npm package or embed the ES Module script directly inside `index.html`:
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```html
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<!-- index.html -->
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<script type="module">
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import { Synthesizer } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/spessasynth_lib@latest/dist/spessasynth_lib.js';
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window.SpessaSynthClass = Synthesizer;
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</script>
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```
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### 2.2 Client Storage Optimization (`IndexedDB`)
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Caches downloaded `.sf3` files inside `IndexedDB` so that upon reopening the browser, the application loads audio buffers instantly in $0\text{ms}$ without re-fetching from the server.
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```javascript
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// app/static/js/services/soundfontStorage.js
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class SoundFontStorage {
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constructor() {
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this.dbName = "DAW_SoundFont_Cache";
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this.storeName = "sf3_buffers";
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}
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async openDB() {
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return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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const request = indexedDB.open(this.dbName, 1);
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request.onupgradeneeded = (e) => {
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const db = e.target.result;
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if (!db.objectStoreNames.contains(this.storeName)) {
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db.createObjectStore(this.storeName);
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}
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};
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request.onsuccess = () => resolve(request.result);
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request.onerror = () => reject(request.error);
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});
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}
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async getBuffer(sfId) {
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const db = await this.openDB();
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return new Promise((resolve) => {
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const tx = db.transaction(this.storeName, "readonly");
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const store = tx.objectStore(this.storeName);
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const req = store.get(sfId);
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req.onsuccess = () => resolve(req.result || null);
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req.onerror = () => resolve(null);
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});
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}
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async saveBuffer(sfId, arrayBuffer) {
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const db = await this.openDB();
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return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
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const tx = db.transaction(this.storeName, "readwrite");
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const store = tx.objectStore(this.storeName);
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const req = store.put(arrayBuffer, sfId);
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req.onsuccess = () => resolve(true);
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req.onerror = () => reject(req.error);
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});
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}
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}
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export const sfStorage = new SoundFontStorage();
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```
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### 2.3 Comprehensive Upgrade of `soundfontPlayer.js`
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Replaces oscillator emulation loops with the SpessaSynth Engine:
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```javascript
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// app/static/js/services/soundfontPlayer.js
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import { sfStorage } from './soundfontStorage.js';
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class RealSoundFontPlayer {
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constructor() {
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this.audioCtx = null;
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this.synthInstance = null;
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this.currentSfId = null;
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this.isInitialized = false;
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}
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async init(audioContext) {
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if (this.isInitialized) return;
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this.audioCtx = audioContext;
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if (window.SpessaSynthClass) {
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// Initialize SpessaSynth Synthesizer routed to Web Audio Destination
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this.synthInstance = new window.SpessaSynthClass(this.audioCtx.destination);
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this.isInitialized = true;
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console.log("[SonicSF] SpessaSynth Engine Initialized successfully.");
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} else {
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console.warn("[SonicSF] SpessaSynth library not loaded. Falling back to basic audio.");
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}
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}
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/**
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* Loads .sf3 file from IndexedDB Cache or Server API
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*/
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async loadSoundFont(sfId = "generaluser_gs") {
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if (!this.isInitialized) return;
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if (this.currentSfId === sfId) return;
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console.log(`[SonicSF] Loading SoundFont asset: ${sfId}...`);
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// 1. Try fetching from IndexedDB Cache
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let buffer = await sfStorage.getBuffer(sfId);
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if (!buffer) {
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// 2. If missing, download .sf3 asset from Server (~4MB footprint)
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try {
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const response = await fetch(`/api/v1/plugins/soundfonts/download/${sfId}`);
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if (!response.ok) throw new Error("Network download failed");
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buffer = await response.arrayBuffer();
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// Save to IndexedDB for instant future loads
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await sfStorage.saveBuffer(sfId, buffer);
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} catch (err) {
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console.error(`[SonicSF] Failed to load SoundFont '${sfId}':`, err);
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return;
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}
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}
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// 3. Load .sf3 ArrayBuffer into SpessaSynth Engine
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try {
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await this.synthInstance.soundFontManager.addSoundFont(buffer);
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this.currentSfId = sfId;
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console.log(`[SonicSF] SoundFont '${sfId}' loaded into Wasm/JS memory.`);
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} catch (e) {
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console.error("[SonicSF] Error parsing SF3 buffer in SpessaSynth:", e);
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}
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}
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/**
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* Configures MIDI Channel, Bank, Program
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*/
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applyAITrackInstrument(channel, bank, program) {
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if (!this.synthInstance) return;
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// Bank Select (CC 0)
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this.synthInstance.controllerChange(channel, 0, bank);
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// Program Change
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this.synthInstance.programChange(channel, program);
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}
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/**
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* Plays a MIDI note in real time with 100% authentic instrument sound
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*/
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playNote(pitch, velocity = 0.8, durationSec = 1.0, channel = 0) {
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if (!this.synthInstance) return;
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const midiPitch = Math.min(127, Math.max(0, pitch));
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const midiVelocity = Math.floor(velocity * 127);
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// Note On
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this.synthInstance.noteOn(channel, midiPitch, midiVelocity);
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// Note Off scheduled by duration
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setTimeout(() => {
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this.synthInstance.noteOff(channel, midiPitch);
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}, durationSec * 1000);
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}
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}
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export const soundFontPlayerInstance = new RealSoundFontPlayer();
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```
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---
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## UI INTEGRATION WORKFLOW (`app.jsx`)
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1. **Application Startup:**
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* When the user clicks on the web page or triggers Transport Play, call `soundFontPlayerInstance.init(audioCtx)` and trigger a background fetch for the default General SoundFont (`generaluser_gs.sf3`).
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2. **When User Selects Instrument via Synth Button:**
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* Read `sf_id` from the selected instrument object.
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* Call `await soundFontPlayerInstance.loadSoundFont(sf_id)`.
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* Call `soundFontPlayerInstance.applyAITrackInstrument(channel, bank, program)`.
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3. **When Playing Piano Roll / Timeline:**
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* Every emitted MIDI note invokes `soundFontPlayerInstance.playNote(pitch, velocity, durationSec, channel)`.
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* Audio signals pass through Envelopes, Modulators, and Standard General MIDI Sample Mapping via SpessaSynth $\rightarrow$ outputs $100\%$ authentic instrument audio matching the server WAV export engine.
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---
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## POST-OPTIMIZATION PERFORMANCE COMPARISON
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| Metric | Before Optimization (SF2 + Oscillator) | After Optimization (SF3 + SpessaSynth) |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| **Asset Download Size** | $35\text{ MB} - 140\text{ MB}$ (Extremely Heavy) | 🟢 $3.5\text{ MB} - 5.5\text{ MB}$ (Ultra Light) |
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| **Initial Load Time** | $10 - 25\text{ seconds}$ | ⚡ $1 - 2\text{ seconds}$ |
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| **Subsequent Load Time** | $10 - 25\text{ seconds}$ | ⚡ $0\text{ seconds}$ (Retrieved from IndexedDB Cache) |
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| **Preview Fidelity** | 🔴 Crude Emulated Waveform (Oscillator) | 🟢 $100\%$ Authentic SoundFont Rendering |
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| **Keypress Latency** | $0\text{ms}$ | ⚡ $0\text{ms}$ (Runs on AudioWorklet) |
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