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Implement 2_PROJECT_ANDROID: Gradle configuration, layout setup, and CameraX initial logic

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3dtours
2026-07-05 12:29:00 +07:00
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2_PROJECT_ANDROID.md
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---
## 🛠️ Bước 1: Khởi tạo các file build cấu hình Gradle cho Android
Để Android Studio có thể nhận diện và compile dự án, bạn cần tạo các file cấu hình bằng Kotlin DSL (`.gradle.kts`) tại thư mục `android-project`.
### 1. Tạo file `android-project/settings.gradle.kts`
File này dùng để khai báo tên dự án và quản lý kho chứa thư viện (Repositories).
```kotlin
pluginManagement {
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
gradlePluginPortal()
}
}
dependencyResolutionManagement {
repositoriesMode.set(RepositoriesMode.FAIL_ON_PROJECT_REPOS)
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
}
}
rootProject.name = "RetroPhotobooth"
include(":app")
```
### 2. Tạo file `android-project/build.gradle.kts` (Của thư mục gốc Android)
```kotlin
plugins {
id("com.android.application") version "8.2.2" apply false
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version "1.9.22" apply false
}
```
### 3. Tạo file `android-project/app/build.gradle.kts` (Của module app)
Đây là nơi chúng ta khai báo SDK và các thư viện cần dùng (CameraX, Jetpack Compose hoặc XML Views). Ở đây mình cấu hình sẵn các dependency cho **CameraX**.
```kotlin
plugins {
id("com.android.application")
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android")
}
android {
namespace = "com.photobooth.app"
compileSdk = 34
defaultConfig {
applicationId = "com.photobooth.app"
minSdk = 26 // Android 8.0 trở lên để hỗ trợ tốt các tính năng đồ họa
targetSdk = 34
versionCode = 1
versionName = "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
isMinifyEnabled = false
proguardFiles(
getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"),
"proguard-rules.pro"
)
}
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
}
kotlinOptions {
jvmTarget = "17"
}
buildFeatures {
viewBinding = true // Bật ViewBinding để thao tác với giao diện dễ dàng
}
}
dependencies {
implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.12.0")
implementation("androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1")
implementation("com.google.android.material:material:1.11.0")
implementation("androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4")
// --- Thư viện CameraX Core ---
val cameraVersion = "1.3.1"
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-core:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-camera2:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-view:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-extensions:$cameraVersion")
}
```
---
## 📸 Bước 2: Thiết lập Giao diện Chụp ảnh (XML Layout)
Tạo file giao diện hiển thị Camera preview và nút chụp ảnh tại đường dẫn:
`android-project/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml` *(Bạn cần tạo thêm các thư mục `res/layout` nếu chưa có)*.
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#121212">
<!-- Màn hình xem trước Camera -->
<androidx.camera.view.PreviewView
android:id="@+id/viewFinder"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
app:layout_constraintDimensionRatio="3:4"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/controlPanel" />
<!-- Bảng điều khiển phía dưới -->
<RelativeLayout
android:id="@+id/controlPanel"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="120dp"
android:background="#000000"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent">
<!-- Nút chụp hình -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnCapture"
android:layout_width="70dp"
android:layout_height="70dp"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:background="@android:color/transparent"
android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_camera"
android:contentDescription="Capture Button" />
</RelativeLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
```
---
## 💻 Bước 3: Viết Code Logic Khởi Tạo CameraX (Kotlin)
Tạo file `MainActivity.kt` tại đường dẫn `android-project/app/src/main/java/com/photobooth/app/MainActivity.kt`. Đoạn code này thực hiện xin quyền Camera và kích hoạt kính ngắm.
```kotlin
package com.photobooth.app
import android.Manifest
import android.content.pm.PackageManager
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.camera.core.CameraSelector
import androidx.camera.core.Preview
import androidx.camera.lifecycle.ProcessCameraProvider
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
import com.photobooth.app.databinding.ActivityMainBinding
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService
import java.util.concurrent.Executors
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding
private lateinit var cameraExecutor: ExecutorService
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
setContentView(binding.root)
// Xin quyền Camera
if (allPermissionsGranted()) {
startCamera()
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS)
}
cameraExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor()
}
private fun startCamera() {
val cameraProviderFuture = ProcessCameraProvider.getInstance(this)
cameraProviderFuture.addListener({
val cameraProvider: ProcessCameraProvider = cameraProviderFuture.get()
// Cấu hình Kính ngắm (Preview)
val preview = Preview.Builder().build().also {
it.setSurfaceProvider(binding.viewFinder.surfaceProvider)
}
// Chọn Camera Trước (Mặc định cho Photobooth)
val cameraSelector = CameraSelector.DEFAULT_FRONT_CAMERA
try {
cameraProvider.unbindAll()
cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(this, cameraSelector, preview)
} catch (xc: Exception) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Không thể khởi động Camera", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}, ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this))
}
private fun allPermissionsGranted() = REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS.all {
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(baseContext, it) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
}
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
cameraExecutor.shutdown()
}
companion object {
private const val REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS = 10
private val REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS = arrayOf(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
}
}
```
---
## 🏃‍♂️ Việc cần làm ngay lúc này của bạn:
1. **Mở Android Studio** trên Debian và thực hiện `Import Project`, trỏ tới thư mục `android-project`.
2. Hệ thống sẽ tự động đồng bộ hóa (Gradle Sync).
3. **Chạy thử nghiệm:** Bật Android Emulator (hoặc cắm điện thoại Android của bạn qua cổng USB bật gỡ lỗi ADB) để xem ứng dụng đã hiển thị được Camera lên màn hình chưa.
Khi luồng hiển thị Camera này chạy thành công, chúng ta sẽ chuyển sang code tính năng **Đếm ngược tự động chụp liên tiếp 4 tấm** và lưu file ảnh thô.
android-project/app/build.gradle.kts
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@@ -5,19 +5,16 @@ plugins {
android { android {
namespace = "com.photobooth.app" namespace = "com.photobooth.app"
compileSdk = 33 compileSdk = 34
defaultConfig { defaultConfig {
applicationId = "com.photobooth.app" applicationId = "com.photobooth.app"
minSdk = 24 minSdk = 26 // Android 8.0 trở lên để hỗ trợ tốt các tính năng đồ họa
targetSdk = 33 targetSdk = 34
versionCode = 1 versionCode = 1
versionName = "1.0" versionName = "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
vectorDrawables {
useSupportLibrary = true
}
} }
buildTypes { buildTypes {
@@ -30,48 +27,28 @@ android {
} }
} }
compileOptions { compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
} }
kotlinOptions { kotlinOptions {
jvmTarget = "1.8" jvmTarget = "17"
} }
buildFeatures { buildFeatures {
compose = true viewBinding = true // Bật ViewBinding để thao tác với giao diện dễ dàng
}
composeOptions {
kotlinCompilerExtensionVersion = "1.5.1"
}
packaging {
resources {
excludes += "/META-INF/{AL2.0,LGPL2.1}"
}
} }
} }
dependencies { dependencies {
implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.10.1") implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.12.0")
implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.6.1") implementation("androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1")
implementation("androidx.activity:activity-compose:1.7.2") implementation("com.google.android.material:material:1.11.0")
implementation(platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2023.06.01")) implementation("androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4")
implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui")
implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-graphics")
implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling-preview")
implementation("androidx.compose.material3:material3")
// CameraX dependencies for Sprint 1 Camera preview // --- Thư viện CameraX Core ---
val cameraVersion = "1.3.0-rc01" val cameraVersion = "1.3.1"
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-core:$cameraVersion") implementation("androidx.camera:camera-core:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-camera2:$cameraVersion") implementation("androidx.camera:camera-camera2:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:$cameraVersion") implementation("androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-view:$cameraVersion") implementation("androidx.camera:camera-view:$cameraVersion")
implementation("androidx.camera:camera-extensions:$cameraVersion") implementation("androidx.camera:camera-extensions:$cameraVersion")
testImplementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.5")
androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.5.1")
androidTestImplementation(platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2023.06.01"))
androidTestImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-junit4")
debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling")
debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-manifest")
} }
android-project/app/src/main/java/com/photobooth/app/MainActivity.kt
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package com.photobooth.app package com.photobooth.app
import android.Manifest
import android.content.pm.PackageManager
import android.os.Bundle import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.activity.compose.setContent import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize import androidx.camera.core.CameraSelector
import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme import androidx.camera.core.Preview
import androidx.compose.material3.Surface import androidx.camera.lifecycle.ProcessCameraProvider
import androidx.compose.material3.Text import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier import com.photobooth.app.databinding.ActivityMainBinding
import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService
import java.util.concurrent.Executors
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding
private lateinit var cameraExecutor: ExecutorService
class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContent { binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
MaterialTheme { setContentView(binding.root)
Surface(
modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), // Xin quyền Camera
color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.background if (allPermissionsGranted()) {
) { startCamera()
Greeting("Retro Photobooth") } else {
} ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS)
}
} }
}
} cameraExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor()
}
@Composable
fun Greeting(name: String, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) { private fun startCamera() {
Text( val cameraProviderFuture = ProcessCameraProvider.getInstance(this)
text = "Welcome to $name!",
modifier = modifier cameraProviderFuture.addListener({
) val cameraProvider: ProcessCameraProvider = cameraProviderFuture.get()
}
// Cấu hình Kính ngắm (Preview)
@Preview(showBackground = true) val preview = Preview.Builder().build().also {
@Composable it.setSurfaceProvider(binding.viewFinder.surfaceProvider)
fun GreetingPreview() { }
MaterialTheme {
Greeting("Retro Photobooth") // Chọn Camera Trước (Mặc định cho Photobooth)
val cameraSelector = CameraSelector.DEFAULT_FRONT_CAMERA
try {
cameraProvider.unbindAll()
cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(this, cameraSelector, preview)
} catch (xc: Exception) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Không thể khởi động Camera", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}, ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this))
}
private fun allPermissionsGranted() = REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS.all {
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(baseContext, it) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
}
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
cameraExecutor.shutdown()
}
companion object {
private const val REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS = 10
private val REQUIRED_PERMISSIONS = arrayOf(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
} }
} }
android-project/app/src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml
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@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#121212">
<!-- Màn hình xem trước Camera -->
<androidx.camera.view.PreviewView
android:id="@+id/viewFinder"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
app:layout_constraintDimensionRatio="3:4"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/controlPanel" />
<!-- Bảng điều khiển phía dưới -->
<RelativeLayout
android:id="@+id/controlPanel"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="120dp"
android:background="#000000"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent">
<!-- Nút chụp hình -->
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/btnCapture"
android:layout_width="70dp"
android:layout_height="70dp"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:background="@android:color/transparent"
android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_camera"
android:contentDescription="Capture Button" />
</RelativeLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
android-project/build.gradle.kts
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@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
plugins { plugins {
id("com.android.application") version "8.1.1" apply false id("com.android.application") version "8.2.2" apply false
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version "1.9.0" apply false id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.android") version "1.9.22" apply false
} }
android-project/settings.gradle.kts
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@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ dependencyResolutionManagement {
} }
} }
rootProject.name = "Retro Photobooth" rootProject.name = "RetroPhotobooth"
include(":app") include(":app")